Skincare for Hyperpigmentation and Uneven Tone

What it is

Hyperpigmentation describes areas of skin that look darker than the surrounding skin, such as sun spots, post-blemish marks or patchy discoloration. It happens when skin produces extra melanin, often triggered by sun exposure, inflammation or hormonal changes. Because sunlight can deepen existing spots, daily broad-spectrum sunscreen is the foundation of any brightening routine, and reapplication matters. To build a routine, cleanse in the morning, apply a vitamin C or antioxidant serum, moisturize and finish with SPF 30 or higher; tinted mineral sunscreens add protection against visible light. In the evening, use a brightening serum or gentle exfoliant a few nights a week, alternating with retinol if your skin tolerates it. Results take patience: give a routine at least eight to twelve weeks. Avoid picking at blemishes, which can leave lasting marks. Key ingredients to look for: vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and other antioxidants; niacinamide; tranexamic acid; glycolic and other alpha hydroxy acids; retinol; and mineral sunscreens with zinc oxide or iron oxides. If you notice a spot that changes in size, shape or color, see a dermatologist. Always patch test new products and follow the directions on each label.